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- Unified health days
- World Blood Donor Day
World Blood Donor Day
June 14

If a society helps those members who, for some reason, need help, this makes such a society “civil.” In many countries, when hiring, preference is given to those who have a donor card. And this is not surprising. The donor is responsible for his health and has an active civic position - such an employee will not let you down. The most important thing in all this is that for the donors themselves, donating blood is a conscious gesture of helping someone who is in trouble, and not a moment of extracting any benefit. Europeans do not consider donation heroic: “It is as natural as brushing your teeth and crossing the road when the light is green.”
Being a gratuitous donor is a unique form of solidarity: civil, Christian, human. This is prestigious, worthy, it means that you are a healthy adult who has an active civic position and wants to make the world a little better.
Features of the procedure for donating blood and its components free of charge.
Who can donate blood and its components?
In accordance with Article 19 of the Law of the Republic of Belarus of November 30, 2010 “On the donation of blood and its components”, citizens of the Republic of Belarus can donate blood and its components at the state institution “Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Transfusiology and Medical Biotechnology” (hereinafter referred to as the Center). as well as foreign citizens and stateless persons permanently residing in the Republic of Belarus, aged from eighteen to sixty years, who have full legal capacity, do not suffer from diseases and are not in conditions in which the donation of blood and its components is contraindicated.
The procedure for conducting a medical examination of donors on the day of donating blood and its components in the organization of blood transfusion and its components is regulated by the Decree of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus dated May 19, 2011 No. 37 “On establishing a list of diseases and conditions for which donating blood and its components is contraindicated, and approval of the Instructions on the procedure for medical examination of blood donors and its components” (as amended by the Resolution of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus dated July 1, 2015 No. 88).
What are the requirements for donors?
When preparing to donate blood and its components, you must follow these simple rules:
- lead a healthy lifestyle, observe the rules of personal and public hygiene;
- avoid casual sexual intercourse, which may lead to sexually transmitted viral infections (viral hepatitis B, viral hepatitis C, other viral hepatitis with parenteral transmission, syphilis, HIV (AIDS));
- avoid cosmetic manipulations such as tattoos, piercings, implants, scarring, split tongue, etc. or refrain from performing donor functions for 6 months from the date of the last manipulation;
- do not come for donation if you have signs of illness (runny nose, cough, headache, sore throat, increased or decreased blood pressure), acute and (or) exacerbation of chronic diseases, while taking medications (including preventive purpose), as well as in a state of overfatigue (after excessive physical exertion, work at night, etc.);
- do not plan donation immediately before exams, competitions, during an intensive period of work, before working in hot shops and at night;
- the day before and on the day of donation, exclude fatty, fried, spicy, smoked foods, dairy products, eggs, butter, bananas, citrus fruits, and nuts from the diet;
- in the morning on the day of donation, have a “light” breakfast (sweet tea, jam, bread, crackers, dried cereals, boiled cereals, pasta in water without oil, steamed fish, juices, fruit drinks, compotes, mineral water, vegetables, fruits (except citrus fruits and bananas)). It is not recommended to undergo the donation procedure on an empty stomach;
- 10 days before donation, refrain from taking antibiotics, 5 days - salicylates and analgesics, two days - from drinking alcoholic, low-alcohol drinks and beer, two hours - from smoking;
- donors of blood and its components are strictly prohibited from using narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their analogues, toxic or other intoxicating substances.
Important!!!
The minimum intervals between blood donations are at least 60 calendar days, after every 5th donation - at least 90 calendar days, between donations of blood components (plasma, platelets) - at least 14 calendar days, between donations of blood components (plasma, platelets) and blood donation – at least 30 calendar days.
The maximum volume of blood components taken in total during a calendar year cannot exceed 20 liters.
What should you bring?
Before the start of the medical examination, the donor submits the following documents to the OPK of the Belarusian Central District Hospital for registration:
- passport of a citizen of the Republic of Belarus or other identification document;
- military ID (for those liable for military service before the first donation of blood and its components);
- photograph 3x4 cm (before the first donation of blood and its components);
- an extract from medical documents on paper, issued by an outpatient health care organization at the place of residence (place of stay), and in the presence of departmental health care organizations - at the place of work (study, service) - before the first donation of blood and its components, and subsequently - 1 time every 6 months;
- results of fluorographic (x-ray) examination of the chest organs - before the first donation of blood and its components, and subsequently - once every 12 months (information is recorded in an extract from medical documents);
- the results of an examination by a gynecologist (for women) - before the first donation of blood and its components, and subsequently - once every 6 months (information is recorded in an extract from medical documents);
Important!!!
An extract from medical documents can be requested by the POK from an outpatient healthcare organization independently during the preliminary registration.
How is the procedure done?
1. Registration.
After providing the necessary documents for registration, the following is issued to the donor:
- during the initial application - donor registration card, donor medical document, donor questionnaire card;
- for subsequent requests - a donor questionnaire card.
2. Filling out the donor questionnaire.
The donor personally answers the questions presented in the questionnaire and signs a voluntary consent to take blood or its components on a paid or free basis.
3. Laboratory examination.
In a clinical laboratory, a blood donor is determined with a blood group, Rh status, and the phenotype of erythrocyte antigens according to the Kell system; a clinical laboratory test of blood and urine is performed (at the first blood donation, and then once a year), at each subsequent donation for years, only the hemoglobin content is determined.
Every twentieth blood donation, a study of iron metabolism in the donor’s body is prescribed (determining the level of ferritin in the blood serum).
4. Medical examination.
When conducting a medical examination of a donor, a specialist doctor:
- evaluates information from medical documents submitted by the donor, indicators of clinical blood tests and general urine analysis;
- collects a detailed medical history and interviews the donor in accordance with the requirements of the donor questionnaire;
- assesses the general condition of the donor;
- conducts a general examination of the donor;
- measures blood pressure. Acceptable blood pressure values: systolic – within 100-180 mm. rt. Art., diastolic – 60-100 mm. rt. Art.;
- determines the pulse rate and its characteristics. Acceptable indicators are rhythmic pulse from 60 to 100 beats per minute;
- measures body temperature. Acceptable values are no less than 360C and no more than 370C.
5. Reception of a light breakfast in the defense complex.
6. Donation procedure.
During blood donation, the donor is placed in a chair, a tourniquet is applied to the middle third of the shoulder, and the skin is treated with an antiseptic. Blood is drawn from a vein in an amount of 450 ml ± 50 ml. Also, part of the blood (20-40 ml) is taken for laboratory tests (for markers of the HIV virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, syphilis, etc.).
The blood is collected in a special container, which is connected to a needle with a thin tube. At the end of the procedure, a fixing bandage is applied to the elbow for 4 hours.
The duration of the procedure is about 10-15 minutes.
7. Rest under the supervision of military personnel for 30 minutes.
8. Obtaining the necessary medical documents confirming the fact of donation in order to receive established guarantees and compensation.
9. Receiving monetary compensation for food when donating blood and its components free of charge in the amount of 10% of the budget of the subsistence level on average per capita.
Important!!!
At all stages of medical examination of donors and collection of blood and its components, only disposable consumables (systems, kits) are used.
I donated blood, what to do next?
If you strictly follow all the recommendations of the medical staff before and after the procedure, then you don’t have to worry about your well-being. In addition, the rules of donation with all restrictions on the amount of blood taken at a time, its components and the frequency of the procedure are enshrined in law.
What should you do after donating blood and its components and what should not do after donating blood and its components
- Rest under medical supervision for 30 minutes.
- Remove the bandage from your hand and/or keep it wet for four hours.
- Directly after donating blood and its components, drive a vehicle.
- If you feel unwell, immediately notify medical personnel and do not leave the ward (the easiest way out is to lie down and raise your legs above your head, or sit down and lower your head between your knees).
- Smoking for 1-2 hours, drinking alcoholic, low-alcohol drinks and beer for 24 hours.
- Consume increased amounts of fluid and protein foods within the next 48 hours after donating blood and its components.
- Lift heavy objects and perform activities related to physical stress on the arm from which blood and its components were taken - for 12 hours.
- Engage in activities that require significant physical effort - for 24 hours
What guarantees and compensation are provided for donating blood and its components free of charge?
On the day of performing the donor function during working hours, employees are released from work while maintaining their average earnings for that day, and military personnel, commanding officers and privates are released from performing the duties of military service (service) while retaining their monetary allowance for that day. On the day of performing the donor function, students are released from classes.
Maintaining the average earnings (monetary allowance) for the day of performing the donor function during working hours is carried out at the expense of the employer (military personnel, commanding and enlisted personnel - at the place of military service (service)) provided that the donor no later than two working days ( except for cases of performing a donor function on an emergency basis in order to preserve the life and health of the recipient) warned the employer about the dates for performing the donor function and using rest days.
Additionally, one day of rest is provided (a day of release from the duties of military service (service)) without retaining his average earnings (monetary allowance). The specified rest day can be added to the donor’s labor leave (military leave) or used at another time. Students are additionally given one day of exemption from classes.
Before donating blood and its components, free food is provided in an amount equal to 2 percent of the average subsistence level budget per capita.
After donating blood and its components, monetary compensation for food is paid in the amount of 10 percent of the average subsistence level budget per capita.
Donors who donated blood (men - at least 4 donations, women - at least 3 donations), its components (at least 14 donations) during the 12 months preceding the day of the onset of temporary disability (regardless of the reason for its occurrence), temporary disability benefits is assigned from the first day of disability in the amount of 100 percent of the average daily earnings.
Donors who have donated blood for at least 20 donations , and plasma for at least 40 donations , are awarded the badge of distinction of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus “Ganarov Donars of the Republic of Belarus” . Donors awarded the badge of distinction of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus “Ganarov Donars of the Republic of Belarus” are provided with the following guarantees:
- extraordinary services in public health care institutions;
- upon retirement, provision of medical care in departmental health care organizations in which they were served before retirement, unless otherwise provided by the legislative acts of the Republic of Belarus;
- labor leave (military leave) in the summer or other convenient time;
- priority purchase of tickets for rail, air, water, and road transport;
- increase in pension upon reaching the generally established retirement age in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Belarus on pension provision.
In accordance with Article 68 of the Law of the Republic of Belarus dated April 17, 1992 “On Pension Security” and article of the Law of the Republic of Belarus dated December 17, 1992 “On Pension Security for Military Personnel, Commanding and Enlisted Personnel of Internal Affairs Bodies, the Investigative Committee of the Republic of Belarus, the State Committee of Forensic Expertise of the Republic of Belarus, bodies and units for emergency situations and financial investigation bodies", donors awarded the badge of honor of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus "Ganarov Donar of the Republic of Belarus", the badge of honor "Honorary Donor of the Republic of Belarus", the badge "Honorary Donor of the USSR" , “Honorary Donor of the Red Cross Society of the BSSR” pensions are increased by 40 percent of the minimum age pension. At the same time, issues related to the procedure for calculating pensions are within the competence of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus.